Understanding Personal Pronouns in Georgian
Personal pronouns are words that replace nouns and refer to people or things. In Georgian, they are used to talk about people, including yourself, the person you are talking to, and others.
Important Points
- First person: Refers to the speaker.
- Second person: Refers to the person being spoken to.
- Third person: Refers to someone or something being spoken about.
Georgian Personal Pronouns
In Georgian, personal pronouns change form depending on the case they are in. Here are the basic forms:
Important Points
- First person singular: მე (me) - I
- Second person singular: შენ (shen) - You
- Third person singular: ის (is) - He/She/It
- First person plural: ჩვენ (chven) - We
- Second person plural: თქვენ (tkven) - You (plural)
- Third person plural: ისინი (isini) - They
When you use personal pronouns, you are usually talking about actions or states related to people. For example, if you want to say that you are happy, you would use the first person pronoun.
Examples
- მე ბედნიერი ვარ. (I am happy.)
- შენ მეგობარი გყავს. (You have a friend.)
- ისინი სკოლაში მიდიან. (They are going to school.)
Pronouns in Different Cases
In Georgian, pronouns change form based on cases like nominative (subject), ergative (subject of a transitive verb), and dative (indirect object).
Examples
- მე ვკითხულობ წიგნს. (Nominative: I am reading a book.)
- მამამ მე დამირეკა. (Ergative: Dad called me.)
- მომეცი წიგნი. (Dative: Give me the book.)