Understanding Georgian Verb Conjugation
In Georgian, verbs change their form to show different meanings. This is called conjugation. Verbs can tell us who is doing the action, when it is happening, and how it is happening.
Main Components of Georgian Verb Conjugation
Important Points
- Person: Who is doing the action - I, you, he/she, we, you all, they.
- Tense: When the action is happening - past, present, future.
- Mood: How the action is being expressed - indicative, imperative, subjunctive.
- Aspect: Whether the action is completed or ongoing.
- Polarity: Whether the action is affirmative or negative.
Person in Georgian Verb Conjugation
Verbs change their endings based on who is doing the action. This is called the 'person' of the verb.
Examples
- მე ვწერ (I write)
- შენ წერ (You write)
- ის წერს (He/She writes)
Tense in Georgian Verb Conjugation
Tense tells us when the action is happening. Georgian verbs have different forms for past, present, and future.
Examples
- მე ვწერ (I am writing) - Present
- მე დავწერე (I wrote) - Past
- მე დავწერ (I will write) - Future
Mood in Georgian Verb Conjugation
Mood shows how the action is expressed. It can be a statement, a command, or a wish.
Examples
- ის წერს (He/She writes) - Indicative
- დაწერე! (Write!) - Imperative
- ნეტავ დაწეროს (I wish he/she would write) - Subjunctive
Aspect in Georgian Verb Conjugation
Aspect shows whether the action is completed or ongoing. Georgian verbs can express both.
Examples
- მე ვწერ (I am writing) - Ongoing
- მე დავწერე (I wrote) - Completed
Polarity in Georgian Verb Conjugation
Polarity tells us if the action is happening or not. Verbs can be affirmative or negative.
Examples
- მე ვწერ (I write) - Affirmative
- მე არ ვწერ (I do not write) - Negative