Guide to Japanese Particles
Japanese particles are small words that come after nouns, verbs, adjectives, and other words to show their relationship in a sentence. Think of them like little helpers that tell us who is doing what, when, and where.
Common Japanese Particles
Important Points
- は (wa)
- が (ga)
- を (wo)
- に (ni)
- で (de)
- と (to)
- も (mo)
- から (kara)
- まで (made)
- や (ya)
- の (no)
- へ (e)
The particle は is used to show the topic of the sentence. It's like saying 'As for...' in English.
The particle が is used to point out the subject of the sentence, especially when introducing new information.
The particle を is used to show the direct object of an action. It tells us what the action is being done to.
The particle に is used to indicate a point in time, a destination, or an indirect object.
The particle で is used to show the place where an action happens or the means by which something is done.
The particle と is used to connect nouns together like 'and' or to show with whom an action is done.
The particle も means 'also' or 'too'. It shows that something is the same as something else.
Particle から (kara) and まで (made)
The particles から and まで are used together to show the starting point and ending point, like 'from' and 'to'.
The particle や is used to list things like 'and' but implies there are more items not mentioned.
The particle の is used to show possession, like 's in English, or to connect nouns.
The particle へ is used to show direction or destination, similar to 'to' in English.