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Understanding Russian Adjective Agreement
In Russian, adjectives are words that describe nouns, like 'big' or 'small'. They have to match the nouns they describe in gender, number, and case. This is called agreement.
Important Points
Gender: Adjectives must match the noun's gender - masculine, feminine, or neuter.
Number: Adjectives must match the noun's number - singular or plural.
Case: Adjectives must match the noun's case, which shows the noun's role in the sentence.
Let's look at each part of the agreement more closely.
Gender Agreement
Russian nouns have three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. Adjectives change their endings to match the noun's gender.
Examples
большой дом (big house) - masculine
большая кошка (big cat) - feminine
большое окно (big window) - neuter
Number Agreement
Nouns can be singular or plural, and adjectives must match this too. Adjectives have different endings for singular and plural forms.
Examples
новая машина (new car) - singular
новые машины (new cars) - plural
Case Agreement
Russian has six cases, and each case can change the ending of an adjective. The case shows what the noun is doing in the sentence, like being the subject or the object.
Examples
Я вижу красивого мальчика (I see a handsome boy) - accusative case
У меня нет красивой книги (I don't have a beautiful book) - genitive case
Now you know how adjectives in Russian change to match the nouns they describe. Remembering these rules will help you make your sentences sound just right.
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